Spanish for beginners 3

Personal things – Objetos personales > 'Ser', 'estar' y 'haber' con lugares – 'Ser', 'estar' and 'haber' with places

We use estar in order to indicate a place where a known object o person is located:

El libro está encima de la mesaThe (known) book is on the table
Juan y María no están en casa – Juan and Maria are not at home(we know them both)

We use ser when a known event occurs:

El concierto es en la Plaza MayorThe (known) concert is on the Main Square
Los exámenes son en junio
–  Exams (that we know) are in June

When speaking about unknown objects or events, we must use hay. The English equivalent of hay is there is or there are. Note the word order: in Spanish we say first the known information, in this case, location:

Encima de la mesa hay un libroThere is a (unknown) book on the table
En Madrid hay muchos turistasThere are many (unknown) turists in Madrid