There are three verbs used to talk about studying: enseñar, estudiar and aprender. Just compare:
I study Spanish – Estudio español
I teach Spanish – Enseño español
I'm learning to play guitar – Estoy aprendiendo a tocar la guitarra
The easiest is enseñar meaning "to teach":
Mi padre me enseña español – My father teaches me Spanish
There is a difference between aprender and estudiar. Estudiar involves the process of studying, while aprender, the result. Compare:
Quiero estudiar español – I want to study Spanish (now)
Quiero aprender español – I want to learn Spanish (in general)
For this reason, estudiar can be used without a direct object meaning “to study”, while aprender without a direct object is never used, you cannot say *estoy aprendiendo without a context:
CORRECTO: Por favor, no me molestes, que estoy estudiando – Please, don't disturb me, I'm studying
INCORRECTO: Por favor, no me molestes, que estoy *aprendiendo
The verbs enseñar and aprender are followed by the preposition a forming constructions enseñar a + infinitivo, aprender a + infinitivo:
Quiero enseñarte a conducir – I want to teach you how to drive
Quiero aprender a conducir – I want to learn how to drive
Finally, to be in a year at University can be translated with the verb estudiar:
Estudio en primero = Estoy en primero – I'm in my first year